Skip to content
Engineering Sciences
Mechanical Engineering
1822
Intermediate

Fourier's Law of Conduction

q=kTq = -k \nabla T

Heat flux proportional to negative temperature gradient through material.

By Joseph Fourier

Engineering Sciences
Fourier's Law of Conduction
1822 · Joseph Fourier
Why it matters: Enables thermal design of engines, buildings, and electronics.

Discoverers: Joseph Fourier (1822)

What does it mean?

Heat flux proportional to negative temperature gradient through material.

Why should I care?

Enables thermal design of engines, buildings, and electronics.

Variables & Units

SymbolNameUnitMeaning
qqHeat fluxW/m²
kkThermal conductivityW/(m·K)
TTTemperatureK

Worked Example

Copper k ≈ 400 W/(m·K); air k ≈ 0.024.

AI Guide (Pro)

Ask questions about equations and get answers grounded in the Equation Universe catalog.

Share this equation

Equation Universe

Fourier's Law of Conduction

q=kTq = -k \nabla T

Real-world impact

Energy infrastructure

Thermodynamic limits shape power and transport.

Photo: Unsplash — power plant

Heat flux proportional to negative temperature gradient through material.

equation-universe.vercel.app

Post